Dog Ear Infections: Causes, Symptoms & How to Prevent Them

Ear infections are one of the most common conditions we treat at Creature Comforts Veterinary Service in Saylorsburg, Pennsylvania—and for good reason.
They’re painful, often linked to chronic conditions like allergies, and frequently overlooked in their early stages. If your dog is constantly scratching, shaking their head, or avoiding ear contact, it may be more than just irritation.

The good news? With early care and consistent prevention, most ear infections are highly treatable—and preventable. Let’s walk through what causes them, how to recognize the signs, and what you can do to keep your dog comfortable and infection-free.

What Is an Ear Infection?

Ear infections in dogs—known as otitis externa (outer ear) or otitis media (middle ear)—occur when the sensitive ear canal becomes inflamed, often due to bacteria, yeast, moisture, or underlying health conditions. Because of their L-shaped ear canals, dogs are naturally more prone to trapped debris and moisture, which makes infections more likely.

Why Ear Infections Are So Common

Several factors increase a dog’s risk of ear infections:

  • Ear structure: Breeds with floppy ears or narrow canals (like Cocker Spaniels or Basset Hounds) tend to have reduced airflow, which promotes moisture retention.
  • Allergies: Environmental or food allergies often lead to recurring ear inflammation. Learn more about symptoms and treatments for dog allergies.
  • Moisture: Dogs that swim frequently or live in humid environments are at higher risk for developing infections.
  • Parasites or foreign objects: Insect bites, mites, or plant materials like foxtails can lead to localized inflammation.

Even dogs with no prior ear issues can develop infections under the right conditions—making routine monitoring essential.

Symptoms to Watch For

Early detection leads to easier treatment. Common signs of an ear infection include:

  • Persistent head shaking or tilting
  • Scratching at one or both ears
  • Redness, heat, or swelling in the ear flap or canal
  • Discharge (often brown, yellow, or black) and a strong odor
  • Sensitivity or pain when touched near the ear
  • Loss of balance, unusual eye movements, or changes in behavior in more advanced cases

These symptoms can progress quickly. Even subtle changes in your dog’s behavior—like withdrawal or irritability—may be worth a closer look.

When Ear Infections Go Untreated

Without timely care, an ear infection can spread and worsen:

  • Chronic pain and inflammation
  • Thickened or scarred ear canals
  • Middle or inner ear infections
  • Facial nerve paralysis or vestibular disease
  • Aural hematomas—painful blood-filled swellings caused by head shaking. Learn more about ear hematomas in dogs.
  • Surgical intervention, such as Total Ear Canal Ablation (TECA), in chronic or unresponsive cases

Prompt treatment prevents complications and reduces the risk of long-term damage.

How We Diagnose Ear Infections

At Creature Comforts, our diagnostic process is designed to get to the root of the problem while minimizing discomfort:

  • Otoscopic exam: Allows us to see inside the canal and check for inflammation, foreign material, or damage to the eardrum
  • Cytology: A microscopic analysis of discharge to identify bacteria, yeast, or mites
  • Culture and sensitivity testing: Used when infections recur or resist standard treatments
  • Allergy testing: When allergies are suspected, we may discuss food trials or further testing. Learn more about identifying food allergies in pets.

This guide on examining and medicating dog ears offers a helpful breakdown of what to expect during treatment.

Treatment Options

Treatment is tailored to your dog’s specific condition and may include:

  • Veterinary ear cleaning: Safe, thorough removal of wax and debris
  • Topical medications: Antibiotics, antifungals, or steroids applied directly to the ear
  • Oral medications: Used when the infection extends beyond the outer ear
  • Allergy management: May include dietary changes or medications
  • Nutritional support: Omega-3s, probiotics, and skin-supportive diets can improve outcomes—learn more about nutrition’s role in itchy pets

We’ll work with you to develop a treatment plan that’s effective and easy to manage at home.

Prevention Starts at Home

While not all infections are avoidable, preventive care goes a long way:

  • Check your dog’s ears weekly for redness, odor, or discharge
  • Clean ears regularly, but only with veterinary-recommended solutions—Cornell’s ear-cleaning guide is a great reference
  • Dry ears thoroughly after swimming or bathing
  • Avoid foxtails and environmental debris during hikes or playtime outdoors

We’ll help you customize an ear care routine that fits your dog’s lifestyle and risk factors.

FAQs About Dog Ear Infections

Q: Can I treat my dog’s ear infection at home?
 A: Only under veterinary supervision. Incorrect treatment can worsen the infection.

Q: Are dog ear infections contagious?
 A: Most aren’t—but parasites like ear mites can spread between pets.

Q: How long does treatment take?
 A: Most cases improve within 7–10 days. Chronic or severe infections may take longer.

Q: Should I keep cleaning my dog’s ears after they seem better?
 A: Yes—follow through with the full treatment plan and check with us before stopping any care.

We’re Here to Help

At Creature Comforts Veterinary Service, we know how frustrating recurring ear issues can be—and how much they impact your dog’s quality of life. Whether you’re seeing early signs or dealing with a chronic condition, we’re here to help with personalized treatment and practical guidance.

Contact us to schedule an appointment. Let’s work together to keep your dog healthy, comfortable, and infection-free.